1. What is the Boiling Evaporation Rate Formula?

The boiling evaporation rate formula calculates the mass rate of water evaporation under boiling conditions based on heat flux and latent heat of vaporization. It's fundamental in thermodynamics and heat transfer calculations.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the evaporation rate equation:

Where:

• \( q \) — Heat flux (W/m²)
• \( \lambda \) — Latent heat of vaporization (J/kg)

Explanation: The equation shows the direct relationship between heat input and evaporation rate, with the latent heat acting as the proportionality constant.

3. Importance of Evaporation Rate Calculation

Details: Calculating evaporation rates is crucial for designing boilers, heat exchangers, cooling systems, and understanding various industrial and natural processes involving phase change.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter heat flux in W/m² and latent heat in J/kg (default value for water at 100°C is 2257000 J/kg). All values must be positive.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is typical heat flux for boiling water?
A: In industrial boilers, heat flux typically ranges from 50,000 to 250,000 W/m² depending on design and operating conditions.

Q2: Does latent heat change with pressure?
A: Yes, latent heat decreases with increasing pressure. The default value in this calculator is for atmospheric pressure (101.325 kPa).

Q3: How does surface area affect total evaporation?
A: While this calculator gives rate per unit area, total evaporation would be rate multiplied by the total heat transfer surface area.

Q4: Can this be used for other liquids?
A: Yes, but you must use the appropriate latent heat value for the specific liquid at its boiling point.

Q5: What about non-boiling evaporation?
A: This calculator is specifically for boiling conditions. Non-boiling evaporation involves more complex mass transfer calculations.