1. What is Photon Energy?

Photon energy is the energy carried by a single photon, which is directly proportional to its electromagnetic frequency. It's a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics and photonics.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the photon energy equation:

Where:

• \( E \) — Photon energy (Joules)
• \( h \) — Planck's constant (6.62607015 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s)
• \( f \) — Photon frequency (Hertz)

Explanation: The equation shows that energy of a photon is directly proportional to its frequency, with Planck's constant as the proportionality constant.

3. Importance of Photon Energy Calculation

Details: Calculating photon energy is essential in understanding quantum phenomena, designing optical systems, and applications like spectroscopy, lasers, and solar energy conversion.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter frequency in Hertz and Planck's constant in J·s (default value is provided). Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is Planck's constant?
A: Planck's constant (6.62607015 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s) is a fundamental physical constant that relates the energy of a photon to its frequency.

Q2: How is this related to wavelength?
A: Energy can also be calculated using wavelength: \( E = \frac{h \times c}{\lambda} \), where c is speed of light and λ is wavelength.

Q3: What are typical photon energies?
A: Visible light photons have energies around 10⁻¹⁹ J (1.6-3.1 eV), while X-ray photons have energies around 10⁻¹⁵ J (keV range).

Q4: Why is photon energy quantized?
A: According to quantum theory, electromagnetic energy is emitted and absorbed in discrete quanta (photons) rather than continuously.

Q5: How is this used in practical applications?
A: Applications include photovoltaic cells (solar panels), LED lighting, medical imaging, and laser technologies.