1. What is Gaussian Beam Divergence?

Gaussian beam divergence describes the angular spread of a laser beam as it propagates. It's a fundamental parameter in light machinery engineering that affects beam focusing and propagation characteristics.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Gaussian beam divergence equation:

Where:

• \( \lambda \) — Wavelength of the light (in meters)
• \( w_0 \) — Beam waist radius (in meters)

Explanation: The equation shows that divergence increases with longer wavelength and decreases with larger beam waist.

3. Importance in Light Machinery Engineering

Details: Understanding beam divergence is crucial for designing optical systems, laser cutting machines, and precision measurement equipment in light machinery applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter wavelength in meters (e.g., 532 nm = 532e-9 m) and beam waist radius in meters. Both values must be positive.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a typical beam waist size?
A: For many lasers, beam waist ranges from micrometers to millimeters, depending on the application and optical setup.

Q2: How does divergence affect machining precision?
A: Lower divergence means the beam stays focused over longer distances, enabling more precise machining operations.

Q3: What wavelengths are common in light machinery?
A: Common industrial lasers use 1064 nm (IR), 532 nm (green), or 355 nm (UV) wavelengths.

Q4: Can this calculator be used for non-Gaussian beams?
A: No, this equation specifically applies to fundamental TEM₀₀ Gaussian beam modes.

Q5: How to reduce beam divergence?
A: Use larger beam waist (via beam expansion) or shorter wavelength, though practical limits exist in both approaches.