1. What is Glucose Infusion Rate (GIR)?

The Glucose Infusion Rate (GIR) is a measure of the amount of glucose being administered to a neonate per kilogram of body weight per minute. It's a critical parameter in neonatal care to ensure appropriate glucose delivery while avoiding hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the GIR formula:

Where:

• Infusion Rate — Intravenous fluid rate (mL/hr)
• Dextrose Concentration — Percentage of dextrose in solution (g/dL)
• 1000 — Conversion factor (mg/g)
• 60 — Minutes per hour (min/hr)
• 100 — Milliliters per deciliter (mL/dL)
• Weight — Patient weight in kilograms (kg)

Explanation: The equation converts the dextrose delivery rate to mg of glucose per kg of body weight per minute.

3. Importance of GIR Calculation

Details: Accurate GIR calculation is essential for maintaining appropriate glucose levels in neonates, particularly premature infants who are at risk for both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the IV infusion rate in mL/hr, dextrose concentration in g/dL (e.g., 10 for D10W), and the neonate's weight in kg. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a typical GIR range for neonates?
A: Term neonates typically require 4-8 mg/kg/min, while preterm infants may need higher rates (up to 12-15 mg/kg/min).

Q2: How often should GIR be calculated?
A: GIR should be recalculated whenever the IV rate, dextrose concentration, or patient weight changes.

Q3: What are signs of inappropriate GIR?
A: Hypoglycemia (irritability, jitteriness, apnea) or hyperglycemia (glycosuria, dehydration, osmotic diuresis).

Q4: How does GIR relate to total fluid intake?
A: GIR must be considered in the context of total fluid requirements to avoid fluid overload while meeting glucose needs.

Q5: When should GIR be adjusted?
A: Adjust based on blood glucose monitoring, clinical status, and nutritional requirements.