1. What is I:E Ratio?

The I:E ratio (Inspiratory to Expiratory ratio) compares the duration of inhalation to exhalation during mechanical ventilation. It's particularly important in neonatal and pediatric care to ensure proper lung ventilation.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the simple formula:

Where:

• \( I \) — Inspiratory time in seconds
• \( E \) — Expiratory time in seconds

Explanation: The ratio describes how much longer exhalation is compared to inhalation, with normal ratios typically between 1:1.5 to 1:2 for newborns.

3. Importance of I:E Ratio

Details: Proper I:E ratio is crucial for preventing air trapping, ensuring adequate gas exchange, and minimizing the risk of lung injury in newborns and infants.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter both inspiratory and expiratory times in seconds. Typical values for newborns range from 0.3-0.5 seconds for inspiration and 0.5-1.0 seconds for expiration.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's a normal I:E ratio for newborns?
A: Typically 1:1.5 to 1:2, meaning expiration is 1.5-2 times longer than inspiration.

Q2: When would you use a reversed I:E ratio?
A: Inverse ratios (e.g., 2:1) may be used in severe ARDS to improve oxygenation, but with caution due to risk of air trapping.

Q3: How does I:E ratio affect CO2 elimination?
A: Longer expiratory times generally improve CO2 elimination by allowing more complete exhalation.

Q4: Does I:E ratio change with age?
A: Yes, as respiratory rates decrease with age, expiratory times typically become relatively longer.

Q5: How is I:E ratio adjusted in RDS?
A: In respiratory distress syndrome, ratios may be adjusted to 1:1 or even 1.5:1 temporarily to improve oxygenation.