1. What is the IT Ratio?

The IT (Inspiratory Time to Total Time) Ratio is a measurement used in neonatal and infant respiratory care to assess the relationship between inspiratory time and total respiratory cycle time.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the IT Ratio formula:

Where:

• Inspiratory Time — Duration of inhalation in seconds
• Total Time — Duration of complete respiratory cycle (inhalation + exhalation) in seconds

Explanation: The ratio provides insight into the timing of respiratory cycles, which is important in mechanical ventilation settings for newborns and infants.

3. Importance of IT Ratio Calculation

Details: Proper IT ratio is crucial for optimizing mechanical ventilation in neonates and infants, helping to prevent lung injury and ensure adequate gas exchange.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter both inspiratory time and total time in seconds. Both values must be positive numbers, and inspiratory time cannot exceed total time.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a normal IT ratio for newborns?
A: Typically 1:2 to 1:3 (0.33 to 0.5), but may vary based on clinical condition and ventilation mode.

Q2: Why is IT ratio important in neonatal ventilation?
A: It helps prevent air trapping and ensures adequate time for both inhalation and exhalation in small lungs.

Q3: How does IT ratio differ from I:E ratio?
A: IT ratio focuses only on inspiratory time relative to total cycle time, while I:E compares inspiratory to expiratory time directly.

Q4: When should IT ratio be adjusted?
A: When there are signs of inadequate ventilation, air trapping, or when trying to optimize oxygenation vs. ventilation.

Q5: Are there risks with improper IT ratios?
A: Yes, too high can cause air trapping and barotrauma, while too low may not provide adequate ventilation.