Water Saturation Temperature Calculator by Pressure

Antoine Equation:

\[ T_{sat} = \frac{B}{A - \log_{10}(P)} - C \]

Saturation Temperature (T_sat):

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1. What is the Water Saturation Temperature?

The saturation temperature (T_sat) is the temperature at which water changes phase (from liquid to vapor or vice versa) at a given pressure. It's also known as the boiling point at that pressure.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Antoine equation:

\[ T_{sat} = \frac{B}{A - \log_{10}(P)} - C \]

Where:

\( T_{sat} \) — Saturation temperature (°C)
\( P \) — Pressure (mmHg)
\( A, B, C \) — Substance-specific constants

Explanation: The equation relates the vapor pressure of a substance to its temperature, with constants specific to water.

3. Importance of Saturation Temperature

Details: Knowing the saturation temperature is crucial for designing boilers, condensers, refrigeration systems, and other thermal systems where phase change occurs.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter pressure in pascals. The calculator converts to mmHg for the Antoine equation and returns the result in Kelvin.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the range of validity for the Antoine equation?
A: For water, the equation is valid between 1°C and 100°C (or equivalent pressures).

Q2: Why convert to Kelvin in the result?
A: Kelvin is the SI unit for thermodynamic temperature and is often preferred in engineering calculations.

Q3: How accurate is this calculation?
A: The Antoine equation provides good estimates but for precise work, steam tables should be used.

Q4: What about pressures above atmospheric?
A: The calculator works for all pressures, but accuracy decreases at very high pressures.

Q5: Can this be used for other substances?
A: No, this calculator is specific to water. Other substances have different Antoine constants.