Dewalt 20V Tools Second Power Level Explained

Dewalt 20V MAX tools do not have a universal second power level; the second speed or power setting is a feature of specific models, typically drills, drivers, and impact drivers, and it is controlled by a mechanical switch or an electronic trigger. When present, the second power level usually means a higher speed and torque setting, while the first level provides more control for precision tasks. This article explains how the two-speed and two-power systems work across the 20V MAX lineup, which tools have them, and how to choose the right setting for your work.

Background: The 20V MAX Platform and Its Power Options

Dewalt introduced the 20V MAX platform in 2010 as a replacement for its 18V line. The “20V” refers to the nominal voltage of the battery pack, which actually peaks at about 20 volts when fully charged. The platform includes a wide range of tools, from drills and impact drivers to saws, grinders, and lights. Power level options vary by tool type:

• Drills and hammer drills – Most have a two-speed gearbox (e.g., 0-600 and 0-2,000 RPM) plus a separate torque adjustment ring with 15 or more clutch positions.
• Impact drivers – Many have a three-speed selector (often labeled 1, 2, 3) that changes both speed and impact rate, effectively giving multiple power levels.
• Rotary hammer, angle grinder, saws – Typically have a single speed, but some models offer variable-speed triggers that act as a continuous power control.
• Multi-speed tools like oscillating multi-tools – May have a dial with multiple speed settings.

So when someone asks about a “second power level,” they are usually referring to the second gear on a drill or the number 2 setting on an impact driver.

How the Two-Speed Gearbox Works

On a typical 20V MAX drill, the two-speed gearbox is a mechanical transmission that changes the gear ratio between the motor and the chuck. In first gear (low speed), the chuck rotates slowly but delivers high torque. In second gear (high speed), the chuck rotates faster but with reduced torque. The switch is usually a slider on top of the tool, near the chuck.

Here’s what the two settings mean in practice:

• Speed 1 (Low) – 0-600 RPM (varies by model). Best for driving large screws, mixing paint, or drilling with hole saws and spade bits. The higher torque reduces stalling.
• Speed 2 (High) – 0-2,000 RPM (varies by model). Best for drilling small holes in wood, plastic, or metal, and for driving small fasteners quickly.

The trigger still gives variable speed within each gear, so you can ease into a screw at low speed even in second gear. The gear selector simply sets the maximum speed and the torque curve.

Three-Speed Impact Drivers: A Different Kind of Power Level

Many Dewalt 20V MAX impact drivers (e.g., DCF887, DCF885) have a three-speed selector instead of two. The settings control both the rotational speed and the impact rate, which changes the driving power. For example:

• Mode 1 – Low speed and low impact rate. Good for precision work like driving small screws into softwood or plastic.
• Mode 2 – Medium speed and impact rate. Good for general fastening.
• Mode 3 – High speed and maximum impact rate. Good for driving long screws or lag bolts.

Some models also have a “precision drive” mode that reduces speed and impact rate to prevent overdriving screws. The selector is usually a button or a switch near the battery base.

Choosing the Right Power Level for Your Task

Selecting the correct power level is not just about speed – it affects control, battery life, and the quality of the work. Here are practical guidelines:

• Drilling small holes (under 1/4″ in metal, under 1″ in wood) – Use speed 2 (high) for faster drilling. Start with a pilot hole to avoid wandering.
• Drilling large holes (over 1″ in wood, masonry with a hammer drill) – Use speed 1 (low) to maintain torque and prevent overheating the bit.
• Driving screws – Use speed 1 for large screws (e.g., #10 or larger) and speed 2 for small screws. On an impact driver, use mode 1 for delicate work and mode 3 for heavy lag bolts.
• Mixing paint or mortar – Use speed 1 to avoid splattering.
• When in doubt – Start on the lower speed setting and increase if the tool bogs down.

Common Misconceptions and Problems

Several misunderstandings about the second power level are common:

• “Higher speed always means more power” – Actually, torque is lower in high gear. For demanding tasks, low gear provides more turning force.
• “The second power level is the same as the variable-speed trigger” – No, the trigger controls the motor speed within a gear, while the gear selector changes the mechanical advantage.
• “All 20V tools have a second power level” – Many tools (like circular saws, grinders, and lights) have only one speed. Check the tool’s manual or the switch on the tool itself.
• “Switching gears while the tool is running is safe” – It is not. Always stop the tool before changing gears to avoid damaging the gearbox.

If your tool does not switch to second speed, the gear selector may be stuck, or the gearbox might be damaged. Clean the switch area and ensure the tool is off before moving it.

Comparing Two-Speed and Single-Speed Tools

When choosing between a two-speed drill and a single-speed model, consider the type of work you do most. Two-speed drills are more versatile and can handle a wider range of materials and fastener sizes. Single-speed tools are simpler, lighter, and often cheaper, but they may require more care to avoid overspeeding or stalling.

For example, a single-speed drill might be fine for occasional DIY tasks like hanging pictures, but a two-speed drill is better for woodworking, metal drilling, or driving deck screws. Similarly, an impact driver with three modes offers more control than a two-speed model, which is why many professionals prefer it.

Battery and Runtime Implications

The power level setting affects battery drain. Using high speed or high impact mode consumes more power and reduces runtime. For example, drilling in speed 2 uses more energy than speed 1 for the same length of time, but you may finish the task faster, so the overall energy use can be similar. In practice, if you need maximum runtime, use the lowest setting that still gets the job done. Also, using the correct power level reduces strain on the motor and battery, which can extend the life of both.

Safety Tips When Using Different Power Levels

Safety is important when switching power levels:

• Always wear eye protection when drilling or driving.
• Keep your hands away from the chuck and the bit.
• Do not change gears while the tool is running – this can strip the gear teeth.
• When using high speed, be prepared for the tool to kick back if the bit binds.
• Use the correct power level for the material – too high a speed can cause the bit to overheat or break.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Does every Dewalt 20V tool have a second power level?
A: No. Only tools with a gear selector or speed dial have multiple power levels. Many saws, grinders, and lights have a single speed. Check the tool’s controls – if there is no switch or dial, it likely has one speed.

Q: What is the difference between speed 1 and speed 2 on a drill?
A: Speed 1 is low speed with high torque, suitable for large bits and driving screws. Speed 2 is high speed with lower torque, suitable for small bits and quick drilling. The trigger still gives variable speed within each gear.

Q: How do I switch between power levels on an impact driver?
A: Most 20V MAX impact drivers have a three-position switch near the battery. Slide it to the desired mode (1, 2, or 3). Always stop the tool before changing modes.

Q: Can I use the second power level for all tasks?
A: You can, but it may cause problems. High speed can overheat small bits, strip screws, or cause kickback. Use the lower setting for precision work and high torque needs.

Q: Why does my drill sometimes stall in second gear?
A: Stalling in second gear happens when the torque is insufficient for the load. Switch to first gear for more torque, or reduce the pressure on the drill.

Q: Does using the second power level drain the battery faster?
A: Yes, higher speed and impact mode consume more energy. However, if you finish the task faster, the total energy used may be similar. For maximum runtime, use the lowest effective setting.

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